buylotrogold

Researchers in cognitive development describe two principle classes of knowledge: figurative (or declarative) and operative (or procedural). 'Declarative knowledge' consists of knowing 'facts,' for example, that the moon shines by reflected sunlight, that the earth and planets revolve around the sun . . . . 'operative knowledge', on the other hand, involves understanding the source of such declarative knowledge (How do we know the moon shines by reflected sunlight? Why do we believe the earth and planets revolve around the sun when appearances suggest that everything revolves around the earth? . . . .) and the capacity to use, apply, transform, or recognize the relevance of the declarative knowledge to new or unfamiliar situations. Arons, A.B. 1997. Teaching Introductory Physics. Wiley. Amazon.com information at <http://tinyurl.com/yzzlgs3. Note the look Inside feature. Hake, R.R. 1998a. Interactive-engagement vs traditional methods: A six-thousand-student survey of mechanics test data for introductory physics courses, Am. J. Phys. 66: 64-74; online at <http://www.physics.indiana.edu/~sdi/ajpv3i.pdf (84 k. Hake, R.R. 1998b. Interactive-engagement methods in introductory mechanics courses, online at <http://www.physics.indiana.edu/~sdi/IEM-2b.pdf (108 k. A crucial companion paper to Hake (1998a). Hake, R.R. 2004. Direct Science Instruction Suffers a Setback in California - Or Does It? AAPT Announcer 34(2): 177; online at <http://www.physics.indiana.edu/~hake/DirInstSetback-041104f.pdf (420 K. A pdf version of the slides shown at the meeting is also available at <http://www.physics.indiana.edu/~hake/AAPT-Slides.pdf (132 k. See also Hake (2005). Hake, R.R. 2005. Will the No Child Left Behind Act Promote Direct Instruction of Science? Am. Phys. Soc. 50: 851 (2005); online at <http://tinyurl.com/3x85l5 (256 k. Hake, R.R. 2008a. Design-_base_d Research in Physics Education Research: A Review, in Kelly, Lesh, & Baek (2008)]. A pre-publication version of that chapter is online at <http://www.physics.indiana.edu/~hake/DBR-Physics3.pdf (1.1 M. Hake, R.R. 2008b. Language Ambiguities in Education Research, submitted to the Journal of Learning Sciences on 21 August but mindlessly rejected; online at <http://www.physics.indiana.edu/~hake/LangAmbigEdResC.pdf (1.2 M and as ref. 54 at <http://www.physics.indiana.edu/~hake. David Klahr <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Klahr wrote to me privately (quoted by permission): I liked the paper. I think it's very thoughtful and nuanced. However it is tough going, even for someone as familiar with the issues (and as favorably cited by you) as I am. It's a shame that it was rejected, but I wonder if the reviewer just wasn't up to the very careful reading necessary to really follow your arguments all the way through. Even though I know this area quite well, obviously, I did have to really focus to fully understand the distinctions you were making. Hake, R.R. 2010a. Re: _meta_study on impact of inquiry in k-12 online at <http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Net-Gold/message/31779. Post of 3 Feb 2010 8:40 am EST to AERA-L, Net-Gold, and PhysLrnR. The abstract was transmitted to various discussion lists and appears at <http://hakesedstuff.blogspot.com/2010/02/ re-_meta_study-on-impact-of-inquiry-in-k.html with a provision for comments. Hake, R.R. 2010b. Re: Constructivist Instruction: Success or Failure?, online on the OPEN! AERA-L archives at <http://tinyurl.com/yb9443e. Post of 17 Jan 2010 17:10:41-0800 to AERA-L, Net-Gold, and PhysLrnR. The abstract only was sent to various discussion lists. The abstract is also online at <http://hakesedstuff.blogspot.com/2010/01/ re-constructivist-instruction-success.html with a provision for comments. Hmelo-Silver, C.E., R.G. Duncan, and C.A. Chinn. 2007. Scaffolding and Achievement in Problem-_base_d and Inquiry Learning: A Response to Kirschner, Sweller, and Clark (2006), Educational Psychologist 42(2): 99-107; online as a 96 kB pdf at <http://tinyurl.com/2zy783. Kelly, A.E., R.A. Lesh, & J.Y. Baek. 2008. Handbook of Design Research Methods in Education: Innovations in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics Learning and Teaching. Routledge. Publisher's information at <http://tinyurl.com/4eazqs; Amazon.com information at <